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August 2, 2013
Anti-Semitic: The term "anti-Semitism" was coined by non-Jews in the late 19th century as a more scientific-sounding term for Judenhass ("Jew-hatred"). It does not refer to discrimination against all semitic peoples, instead specifically referring to discrimination against Jews.
Arbeit Macht Frei: "Labor makes you free", a propaganda slogan the Nazis used to promote work amongst prisoners.
Death Marches: The movement between Autumn 1944 and late April 1945 by Nazi Germany of hundreds of thousands of prisoners from Nazi concentration camps and prisoner of war camps near the eastern front to camps inside Germany away from front lines and Allied forces. This was to remove evidence from concentration camps and to prevent the repatriation of prisoners of war. Earlier death marches had occurred at the beginning of the war in the Lublin province of Poland, in which few Jews survived.
Der Stürmer: A German newspaper publication that was part of the Nazi propaganda campaign.
Einsatzgruppen: Paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass killings, primarily by shooting.
Eugenics, or Nazi Eugenics: Nazi Germany's racially-based social policies that placed the improvement of the Aryan race through eugenics at the center of Nazis ideology. Those not deemed worthy of life were targeted. More than 400,000 people were sterilized against their will, while 70,000 were killed under Action T4, a "euthanasia" program.
Final Solution: Nazi Germany's plan to annihilate the Jewish people, formed in late 1941.
Gestapo: The official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe. Heinrich Himmler presided over it.
Ghetto: Ghettos isolated Jews by separating Jewish communities from the non-Jewish population and from other Jewish communities. The Nazis established at least 1,000 ghettos in German-occupied and annexed Poland and the Soviet Union alone, beginning in 1939. The Germans regarded the establishment of ghettos as a provisional measure to control and segregate Jews while the Nazis decided what to do with them.
Ghetto Police: Under the Judenrat, the Jewish Ghetto Police were forced by the Nazis to carry out acts of cruelty against fellow Jews, including shipping their brethren to Concentration Camps.
Judenrat: Administrative bodies consisting of Jews that the Nazis forced Jews to form in communities, often tasked with punishing their fellow Jews.
Judenrein: Nazi term to designate an area "cleansed" of Jewish presence.
Kapo: A Jewish prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp assigned by the SS guards to supervise forced labor or carry out administrative tasks in the camp.
Kristallnacht: A pogrom (series of coordinated attacks) against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria on November 9-10, 1938, carried out by paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party and German and Austrian civilians. The attacks left the streets covered with broken glass from the windows of Jewish-owned stores, buildings, and synagogues. 30,000 Jews were arrested or sent to concentration camps, over 1,000 synagogues were burned, and over 7,000 Jewish businesses destroyed or damaged on the Kristallnacht.
Nuremberg Laws: Passed in 1935, they were anti-Jewish laws depriving Jews of German citizenship and prohibitting marriage between Jews and other Germans. They classified those with four German grandparents as "German or kindred blood", while those with three or four Jewish grandparents were labeled Jewish. A person with one or two Jewish grandparents was a Mischling, a crossbreed of "mixed blood".
Partisans: Resistance fighters to Nazi tyranny during the war who had previously escaped from the Nazis or had otherwise escaped detention.
Schutzstaffel (SS): One of the largest and most powerful organizations in the Third Reich, it carried out the Final Solution.
Sieg Heil: A ritualistic chant used at mass rallies, where enthusiastic crowds answered Heil to the call of Sieg ("victory").
Shoah: Hebrew word referring to the Holocaust.
Untermenschen: A Nazi term for inferior people, referring to Jews and other undesirables.
Arbeit Macht Frei: "Labor makes you free", a propaganda slogan the Nazis used to promote work amongst prisoners.
Death Marches: The movement between Autumn 1944 and late April 1945 by Nazi Germany of hundreds of thousands of prisoners from Nazi concentration camps and prisoner of war camps near the eastern front to camps inside Germany away from front lines and Allied forces. This was to remove evidence from concentration camps and to prevent the repatriation of prisoners of war. Earlier death marches had occurred at the beginning of the war in the Lublin province of Poland, in which few Jews survived.
Der Stürmer: A German newspaper publication that was part of the Nazi propaganda campaign.
Einsatzgruppen: Paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass killings, primarily by shooting.
Eugenics, or Nazi Eugenics: Nazi Germany's racially-based social policies that placed the improvement of the Aryan race through eugenics at the center of Nazis ideology. Those not deemed worthy of life were targeted. More than 400,000 people were sterilized against their will, while 70,000 were killed under Action T4, a "euthanasia" program.
Final Solution: Nazi Germany's plan to annihilate the Jewish people, formed in late 1941.
Gestapo: The official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe. Heinrich Himmler presided over it.
Ghetto: Ghettos isolated Jews by separating Jewish communities from the non-Jewish population and from other Jewish communities. The Nazis established at least 1,000 ghettos in German-occupied and annexed Poland and the Soviet Union alone, beginning in 1939. The Germans regarded the establishment of ghettos as a provisional measure to control and segregate Jews while the Nazis decided what to do with them.
Ghetto Police: Under the Judenrat, the Jewish Ghetto Police were forced by the Nazis to carry out acts of cruelty against fellow Jews, including shipping their brethren to Concentration Camps.
Judenrat: Administrative bodies consisting of Jews that the Nazis forced Jews to form in communities, often tasked with punishing their fellow Jews.
Judenrein: Nazi term to designate an area "cleansed" of Jewish presence.
Kapo: A Jewish prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp assigned by the SS guards to supervise forced labor or carry out administrative tasks in the camp.
Kristallnacht: A pogrom (series of coordinated attacks) against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria on November 9-10, 1938, carried out by paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party and German and Austrian civilians. The attacks left the streets covered with broken glass from the windows of Jewish-owned stores, buildings, and synagogues. 30,000 Jews were arrested or sent to concentration camps, over 1,000 synagogues were burned, and over 7,000 Jewish businesses destroyed or damaged on the Kristallnacht.
Nuremberg Laws: Passed in 1935, they were anti-Jewish laws depriving Jews of German citizenship and prohibitting marriage between Jews and other Germans. They classified those with four German grandparents as "German or kindred blood", while those with three or four Jewish grandparents were labeled Jewish. A person with one or two Jewish grandparents was a Mischling, a crossbreed of "mixed blood".
Partisans: Resistance fighters to Nazi tyranny during the war who had previously escaped from the Nazis or had otherwise escaped detention.
Schutzstaffel (SS): One of the largest and most powerful organizations in the Third Reich, it carried out the Final Solution.
Sieg Heil: A ritualistic chant used at mass rallies, where enthusiastic crowds answered Heil to the call of Sieg ("victory").
Shoah: Hebrew word referring to the Holocaust.
Untermenschen: A Nazi term for inferior people, referring to Jews and other undesirables.
From Grandchildren of Holocaust Survivors - Share to raise awareness
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